I tried it in windows with the official build and it works as expected (i just added an oscilloscope to be able to see the output signal over time):
After launching Fritzing in debug mode, you must switch to the transitory simulation. There are two ways: (1) add an oscilloscope or (2) change to the transitory simulation using the arrow on the simulation button and choosing the transitory simulation. Note that the time of the simulation is defined as 10 seconds by default if there is no oscilloscope, and to the horizontal time division of the oscilloscope *10 if there is an oscilloscope.
I strongly recommend to use an osciloscope as will allow you to see the signal and set the maximum time of the simulation. Notice that the simulation timestep is defined by default by taking the maximum simulation time divided by the number of points (or steps). You may need to adjust this in edit->properties->beta features->project properties. In a 555 circuit, you could increase the number of points or use a fixed time step. (This is a beta feature and the program may crash if there are a lot of simulation steps).