I took these caps from the BOM from Jmej’s project “Aluminum Electrolytic Capacitors - Leaded 47uF 16volts 20%”.
That should be fine, although with 15V supplies a 25V cap would be safer even though 16V should technically still work, it is pretty close to the limit. I think the likely problem is that it was connected backwards, the battery probably wouldn’t supply enough current to blow it, but the wall wart probably would have.
Peter